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QuickView for Isosorbide Dinitrate (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 3780

PubChem Compound 3780

Name:	Isosorbide Dinitrate
PubChem Compound ID:	3780
Description:	A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.
Molecular formula:	C₆H₈N₂O₈
Molecular weight:	236.136 g/mol
Synonyms:	Sorbonit; Tinidil; Iso-bid; Isorbid; Isordil Tembids; D-Glucitol, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-, dinitrate; Vascardin; Isosorbide Dinitrate; Isordil; Isostat. show more » Sorbonit; Tinidil; Iso-bid; Isorbid; Isordil Tembids; D-Glucitol, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-, dinitrate; Vascardin; Isosorbide Dinitrate; Isordil; Isostat; Sorbide T.D.; Flindix; Difutrat; ISDN; Nitrosorbon; Dinitrosorbide; Coronex; Sorbidilat; Sorbitrate; Nosim; Sorbide nitrate; Isotrate; Vasodilat; Corosorbide; Sorbislo; Cedocard; Carvanil; Sorquad; Cardis; Dianhydrosorbitol 2,5-dinitrate; Rigedal; 1,4:3, 6-Dianhydro-D-glucitol dinitrate; Vasorbate; Cardio 10; Sorbide, dinitrate; Lomilan; Harrical; Isoket; Sorbangil; Claodical; Cornilat; Maycor; 87-33-2; ISD; Glucitol, 1,4:3, 6-dianhydro-, dinitrate, D-; Xanyl; Dilatrate-SR; IBD 20; Sorbidnitrate; Emoper; Nitrosorbid; Rifloc Retard; Myorexon; Korodil; Nitrosorbide; Resoidan; 1,4:3,6-Dianhydrosorbitol 2, 5-dinitrate; Carvasin; NSC80038 show less «

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Isosorbide Dinitrate
Name (isomeric):	DB00883
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.
Synonyms:	Sorbidnitrate; Sorbide nitrate; Sorbide, dinitrate; Dianhydrosorbitol 2,5-dinitrate
Brand:	Nitrosorbid, Vascardin, Iso-Bid, Isostat, Sorbislo, Maycor, Nosim, Lomilan, Resoidan, Difutrat, Isoket, ISDN, Isorbid, Isordil, Carvasin, Dinitrosorbide, Rigedal, Cardis, Sorbangil, Titradose, Nitrosorbide, Myorexon, Cardio 10, ISD, Xanyl, Isochron, Isotrate, Korodil, Dilatrate-SR, Tinidil, Ismotic, Sorbitrate, Sorbide T.D., Vasorbate, Harrical, Emoper, Sorquad, Cornilat, Corosorbide, Vasodilat, Dilatrate, Sorbidilat, Rifloc Retard, Coronex, Sorbonit, Nitrosorbon, IBD 20, Isordil Tembids, Flindix, Claodical, Carvanil, Cedocard
Brand name mixture:	BiDil(isosorbide dinitrate + hydralazine hydrochloride)
Category:	Nitrates and Nitrites, Vasodilator Agents, Nitric Oxide Donors
CAS number:	87-33-2

Pharmacology

Indication:	For the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease.
Pharmacology:	Isosorbide Dinitrate is a moderate to long acting oral organic nitrate used for the relief and prophylactic management of angina pectoris. It relaxes the vascular smooth muscle and consequent dilatation of peripheral arteries and veins, especially the latter. Dilatation of the veins promotes peripheral pooling of blood and decreases venous return t... show more » Isosorbide Dinitrate is a moderate to long acting oral organic nitrate used for the relief and prophylactic management of angina pectoris. It relaxes the vascular smooth muscle and consequent dilatation of peripheral arteries and veins, especially the latter. Dilatation of the veins promotes peripheral pooling of blood and decreases venous return to the heart, thereby reducing left ventricular end- diastolic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (preload). Arteriolar relaxation reduces systemic vascular resistance, systolic arterial pressure, and mean arterial pressure. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	Similar to other nitrites and organic nitrates, isosorbide dinitrate is converted to nitric oxide (NO), an active intermediate compound which activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase (atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A). This stimulates the synthesis of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) which then activates a series of protein kinase-dep... show more » Similar to other nitrites and organic nitrates, isosorbide dinitrate is converted to nitric oxide (NO), an active intermediate compound which activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase (atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A). This stimulates the synthesis of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) which then activates a series of protein kinase-dependent phosphorylations in the smooth muscle cells, eventually resulting in the dephosphorylation of the myosin light chain of the smooth muscle fiber. The subsequent release of calcium ions results in the relaxation of the smooth muscle cells and vasodilation. show less «
Absorption:	Absorption of isosorbide dinitrate after oral dosing is nearly complete, but bioavailability is highly variable (10% to 90%), with extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. The average bioavailability of isosorbide dinitrate is about 25%.
Protein binding:	Very low
Biotransformation:	Hepatic
Half Life:	1 hour
Toxicity:	Symptoms of overdose include reduced cardiac output and hypotension.
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Food interaction:

Take without regard to meals. Absorption is faster on an empty stomach.

Drug interaction:

Telithromycin	Telithromycin may reduce clearance of Isosorbide Dinitrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Isosorbide Dinitrate if Telithromycin is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Sildenafil	Possible significant hypotension with this combination
Voriconazole	Voriconazole, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of isosorbide dinitrate by decreasing its metabolism. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of isosorbide dinitrate if voriconazole is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Dihydroergotamine	Possible antagonism of action
Tadalafil	The vasodilatory effects of Isosorbide dinitrate may be increased by Tadalafil. Severe hypotension may occur. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.

Targets

Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A

Enzymes

Cytochrome P450 3A4

Cytochrome P450 2E1